What function does heartwood serve in a tree?

Heartwood serves a crucial function in a tree by providing structural support and resistance to decay. As the tree ages, the inner layers of sapwood eventually become heartwood, which is denser and has a higher concentration of compounds that can protect against decay and pests. This hardened inner core contributes significantly to the overall stability and strength of the tree, allowing it to withstand environmental stresses such as wind and heavy snowfall.

While heartwood does not actively transport nutrients, photosynthesize, or store water as sapwood does, its role in maintaining the integrity of the tree is vital. It essentially acts as a support column, which is crucial for the tree's long-term survival and growth.